Customized for 2-Day Split: Vocabulary Day & Concept Scenarios Day
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Clue
Match the chemical messenger to its primary role to test recall speed.
Realistic stimulus-based & scenario questions matching Day 2 AP format.
Light Path: Cornea → Pupil → Lens → Retina
Retinal Layers: Rods & Cones → Bipolar Cells → Ganglion Cells
To Brain: Optic Nerve → Optic Chiasm → Thalamus → Occipital Lobe (Visual Cortex)
Sound Path: Auditory Canal → Tympanic Membrane (Eardrum) → Ossicles (Hammer → Anvil → Stirrup) → Oval Window → Cochlea (Fluid vibrates hair cells on Basilar Membrane) → Auditory Nerve → Thalamus → Temporal Lobe.
Pitch Theories:
Alert Awake: Beta waves | Relaxed Awake: Alpha waves
NREM-1: Theta waves, hypnagogic sensations.
NREM-2: Sleep spindles and K-complexes (true sleep onset).
NREM-3: Delta waves (deep sleep, growth hormone, sleepwalking).
REM: Paradoxical sleep (beta-like waves, vivid dreaming, motor paralysis).
Broca's (Left Frontal): Motor speech production. Damage = slow, halting speech ("Broken words").
Wernicke's (Left Temporal): Speech comprehension. Damage = fluent nonsense / word salad ("What did you say?").
Agonist: Binds and activates/mimics receptor action (e.g., morphine mimics endorphins).
Antagonist: Binds and blocks neurotransmitter from docking (e.g., curare blocks acetylcholine).
Somatic: Voluntary skeletal movement & incoming sensations.
Autonomic: Involuntary internal processes (divided into Sympathetic and Parasympathetic).
Kinesthesia: Senses position of individual body limbs relative to each other (sensors in joints/muscles).
Vestibular: Senses overall head position, balance, and gravity (semicircular canals in inner ear).